Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – September 17, 2025 – Saudi Arabia and nuclear-armed Pakistan have officially signed a mutual defence pact, marking a historic milestone in their decades-long strategic partnership. The agreement declares that an attack on either Saudi Arabia or Pakistan will be treated as an attack on both nations, underscoring a powerful security alliance in the Middle East and South Asia.
The signing took place in Riyadh between Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, with state media from both countries highlighting the significance of this defence cooperation.
Strengthening Strategic and Military Cooperation
According to the Saudi Press Agency (SPA), the pact aims to enhance defense collaboration, military coordination, and joint deterrence capabilities against external threats. The agreement emphasizes “shared strategic interests, historic partnership, and a commitment to regional and global peace.”
Both leaders discussed ways to deepen bilateral relations, focusing on military, political, and economic cooperation. They also exchanged views on regional security challenges, international developments, and efforts to maintain peace and stability in the Muslim world.
A Comprehensive Defence Agreement
A senior Saudi official described the pact as the “culmination of years of discussions,” stressing that it was not a reaction to recent regional tensions but a formal institutionalisation of long-standing defence ties.
“This is a comprehensive defensive agreement that encompasses all military means,” the official said when asked about whether Pakistan’s nuclear capabilities could be part of the pact if required.
Regional Context and Geopolitical Impact
The signing comes just days after an extraordinary joint session of the Arab League and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), following Israel’s attack on Doha, Qatar, on September 9. The move has been widely condemned by Arab and Islamic nations, raising concerns about regional stability in the Gulf and beyond.
While reinforcing ties with Pakistan, Saudi Arabia emphasized that its relationship with India remains strong despite India’s recent conflict with Pakistan. “Our relationship with India is more robust than it has ever been. We will continue to grow this relationship and contribute to regional peace,” the Saudi official added.
Long-Standing Pakistan–Saudi Military Ties
The Pakistan–Saudi Arabia alliance dates back decades, built on deep military cooperation, economic support, and religious ties. Since 1967, Pakistan has trained more than 8,200 Saudi armed forces personnel, and the two countries have conducted multiple joint military exercises.
This new pact represents a major step in formalizing their military cooperation, strengthening deterrence capabilities, and ensuring both nations stand united against common threats.
